Glasgow is one of the worst places to raise a family in the UK, a survey has revealed.
The ranking comes as uSwitch Better Family Life Index took a survey of 138 UK authorities based on 22 aspects important to family life.
Scotland fared poorly, with English authorities taking the top spots.
Glasgow came in at 136 out of 138 areas.
East and North Ayrshire suffered the poorest ranking owing to higher crime, lower exam results, lower pay and less time spent with loved ones.
In East and North Ayrshire, 35% of pupils achieve five or more A* to C grade GCSE-equivalents and 67% of those aged 16 to 64 are in employment.
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Those living in the region earn an average annual salary of £26,962, while they sleep less than anywhere else in the UK at six hours and 37 minutes a night on average.
Tashema Jackson, uSwitch.com money spokeswoman, said: "The Better Family Life Index shows that life is far from equal for families across the UK. Although there is much to celebrate in many areas, it's not surprising that so many families are thinking about moving to a new region to improve their circumstances.
"For many consumers, the prospect of increased uncertainty in the run-up to Brexit may be a turning point, leading us to re-evaluate both how we manage our household budgets and how we provide stability for our families in the future. Policymakers would do well to follow suit.
"With the new government yet to announce its budgetary priorities it is vital that positive changes are made to help give all families fair opportunities no matter where they live - whether it is access to a good education, childcare, housing, GPs or jobs. Quality of life should not be a postcode lottery."
The top 10 areas in the uSwitch Better Family Life Index 2016 are:
1. Hertfordshire
2. Cambridgeshire
3. Central Bedfordshire
4. Warrington
5. York
6. Tyneside
7. Norfolk
8. Northumberland
9. West Cumbria
10. Calderdale and Kirklees
The bottom 10 areas are:
129. North Lanarkshire
130. Kingston upon Hull
131. Falkirk
132. Sandwell
133. Nottingham
134. Clackmannanshire and Fife
135. Isle of Wight
136. Glasgow City
137. Leicester
138. East Ayrshire and North Ayrshire mainland
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